Coloproctology

A colorectal surgeon is a surgeon who specializes in conditions affecting your large intestine (your colon, rectum and anus.) Formerly, you may have gone to see a proctologist for these conditions. “Colorectal surgeon” is the more up-to-date term for what’s essentially the same specialty as a proctologist.

One reason for the name change may be that the term, “proctologist,” literally refers to the rectum and anus, but doesn’t include the colon. “Colorectal” refers to the colon and rectum, which make up the largest portion of your large intestine. In practice, a surgeon by either name treats all of these parts.

If you have symptoms involving your lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract, you might begin by seeing a general physician or a gastroenterologist (a specialist in gastrointestinal diseases). This doctor might refer you to a colorectal surgeon if they believe your condition is likely going to require surgery to manage it.

Colorectal conditions that are likely to require surgery include:

• Cancer and polyposis.
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
• Ischemia (loss of blood supply).
• Structural defects, such as fistulas, hernias and prolapse.